Ammonia force-feed refrigerating system.



W. SGHLIEMANN.

SEPARATOR REFBIGERATING SYSTEM.

1011. RENEWED SEPT. 18, um.

' Patented Aug. 4, 1914.

g I I g E l s w I 5 5 w: v N l g g O "II-1N wumto'o WM ing coils, as the apparatus is practically proved ty "UNI ED STA ES PATENT OFFICE.

wiLLIAM scHmEMAim, or WASHINGTON, DISTRICT or con-orna e, ssxeuon, BY

DIRECT AND MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO NEW YORK.

Application filed January 25, 1911, Serial No. 604,631.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that 1, WILLIAM Scanni- MQNN, a citizeriof the United States, res ding in the city of lVashington and District of Columbia, have invented new and useful Improvements in Ammonia Force-Feed Refrigerating Systems of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in force feed refrigcrating apparatus, of which the following is a full, clear and exact description. D

The primary object of the invention is to provide a refrigerating system embodying a flooded force feed apparatus in which the refrigerant liquid will be prevented from going to the compressor; and the co ls are kept flooded with the refrigerant l quid.

The advantages of the system consist in the great saving of time and labor, and in the high efliciency easily to be obtained, both in the compressor and the'refrigeratautomatic after once having been-set into operation. i

Other objects and advantages w ll be fully explained in the following description and claims,

Reference will be had to the accompany ing diagrammatical drawing forming a part of this specification,

Reference numeral 1 designates the refrigerating .tank containing the 'usual expansion coil 2, the same being of any appe as used in the manufacture of artificial ice, or in cooling systemsgenerally. The inlet end of the expansion coil is shown provided with the expansion valve 3 common in expansion systems, but this not being essential in this system is illustrated merely to illustrate the adaptability of this invention to the expansion system without radical change in the latter. The normal position of this valve in the present invention is open.

Feeding into the inlet end of the coil 2 is the refrigerant liquid feed pipe 1, leading from the condenser 5 and compressor 6, both of any approved type. Ofcourse it will be understood that in lieu of the compressor and condenser, any other apparatus may be employed that is capable of serving the functions thereof. Located in the feed pipe 4, is a refrigerant liquid feed-valve 7 for Specification of Letters Patent.

LOUIS DOELLING, OF NEW'ROCHELLE,

AMMONIA FORCE-FEED REFRIGEBATING SYSTEM.

Renewed September s, 1913. Serial No. 790,569.

Patented Aug. 4, 1914.

regulating the feed of the liquidrefrigerant to the evaporating coil. Obviously, instead of one of such coils, a plurality thereof may be employed, in which'case, inlet and outlet headers 8 and 9 respectively are provided, there being a reducing valve 3 for each coil, if desired.

Indicators 10 and 11 are provided on oposite sides of the feed valve 7 for indicating pressures respectively in the supply pipe 1 and in the expansion coil.

The refrigerant liquid, after accomplishing its work in the expansion coil or coils 2, is led therefrom, in the form of liquid and gas, by pipe 12; the formation of gas in the coils being due to the evaporation of the refrigerant liquid therein. This ipe 12 discharges into a separator 14 w ich may be of any approved type, and is equipped with pressure indicator 15 and gage glass 16. The difference between 11 and 15 shows the pressure difi 'erential between the inlet and outlet of the coil; a differential which may be variably adjusted by control of valve 27. From the separator, the gas is taken through the pipe 17 leading to the suction end of the compressor or absorber, and after compression the gas is piped to the condenser 5, from which it is returned in the form of refrigerant liquid to the evaporating coil or coils 2. From the separator, the separated refrigerant liquid is collected by a pipe 20 tapped into the lower end thereof and equipped with a valve 21. The pipe 20 leads to a point (shown as just above a floor 22) below its discharge end, and is then brought upwardly thereby forming a trap or liquid seal 23. The discharge end 24 enters a mixing chamber or gas reliever 25, and may be bent upward therein to direct the entering liquid to facilitate any gas that might be contained in the liquid rising to the upper portion of said chamber, from whence it is led off by pipe 26, equipped with valve 27, and entering the discharge end of the evaporating coil 2. Pipe 26 establishes gas communication between 25 and the outlet of the coil. By adjustment of 27 the difference in pressure indicated by 11 and 15 may be adjusted. The gas flowing through said pipe or equalizing conduit 26, will mingle with the gas in the discharge pipe 12 and ass on to the separator 14 as already descri ed,

incense to the compressor or absorber 6. The lower end of the mixing chamber or gas reliever directly connects the inlet end of the expansion coil with. feed pipe 4, in such manner that any non-condensed gas coming through pipe l, instead of entering the coil 2, will pass upinto the chamber or gas reliever 25 to be carried ofi by said pipe 26 which is provided with valve 27. The liquid frompipe 20 passes into the inlet end of the expansion coil together with the liquid from pipe at and in such proportions as the adjustment of the valve 7 allows.

The liquid refrigerant comes from the condenser with a high pressure and temperature. When it enters 24 and is reduced to the low pressure needed in the refrigerating coils, a great part (with ammonia about i) is evaporated as the liquid cools to the temperature corresponding with the lower pressure in the refrigerating coils. This gas is carried ofi by the pipe 26 instead of going through the expansion coils and cans ing an irregular flow and hammering therein. The leg 23 forms a trap or liquid seal, and prevents the gas, before its passage from the chamber or reliever 25, from entering the pipe 20. The lubricating oil, from the compressor or other machinery, which collects in the apparatus and at times is in considerable amount, is separated in the separator 14: together with the refrigerant liquid, and being of greater specific gravity than the refrigerant liquid, occupies a lower stratum in the gage-glass 16 than the refrigerant liquid. This oil is led ofl from the separator by means'of pipe 29 equipped with an oil separator or settling chamber 30 having a discharge valve 31. It will be observed that the upper end of the pipe 20 extends upwardly slightly into the separator to prevent the lubricating oil in the bottom of the separator 14 from entering said pipe. i During the passage of the refrigerant liquid through the expansion coils, it becomes partly evaporated, forming a mixture of gas and liquid; and these two elements pass into the separator 14C and are separated, the gas flowing to the compressor or absorber and the separated liquid returning to the expansion coils from the separator by way of pipe 20 and mixing chamber or gas reliever 25. Any gas present in the gas reliever 25 is carried ofi to the separator by pipe 26. U11? til a predetermined amount of liquid accumulates in the separator, the valve 21 and preferably also the valve 27 remain closed, so that a suitable pressure may be first established in the chamber 25 to start the circulating movement. When this movement has begun the said valves are opened, so as to return the liquid automatically to the inlet end and the refrigerating coil. The opening of the valve 27 provides fur ther removal of gas accumulating in the chamber 25 so that (first) such gas may be kept from passing through the expansion coil and consequent hammering avoided; (second) so that a substantial equality of pressure differential will prevail between the inlet and outlet end of the expansion coil or coils, thus insuring uniform and regular progress of the refrigerant therethrough, and (third) so that the necessity of precooling the incoming liquid from the condensers may be avoided. It will be evident that by adjustment of the valve 27, i. 6., a restriction of the communication it afiords between inletand outlet of the expansion coil, the pressure in the chamber 25 may be increased to increase the flow of refrigerant and thereby accommodate an increasing load on the system. The valve 27 is thus a controlling member for the system.

Any refrigerating agent may be used that is capable of liquefaction or gasification.

I claim as new:

1. In a refrigerating apparatus, a refrigerant liquid supply pipe,-an expansion coil, a refrigerant gas discharge pipe, a refrigerant liquid 'and gas separator connected to the discharge pipe, means for returning the separated liquid from the separator to the inlet end of the expansion coil, and a gas reliever intermediate the said means and the inlet end of the expansion coil.

2. In a refrigerating apparatus, a refrigerant liquid supply pipe, an expansion coil, a refrigerant gas discharge pipe, a refrigerant liquid and gas separator connected to the discharge pipe, means for returning the separated liquid from the separator to the expansion coil, a gas reliever included in said means, and gas discharge connection between said reliever and said discharge pipe.

3. In a: refrigerating apparatus, a refrigerant liquid supply pipe, an expansion coil, a refrigerant gas discharge pipe, a refrigerant liquid and gas separator connected to the discharge pipe, means forreturning the separated liquid from the s arator to the expansion coil, a gas reliever 'ntermediate the said means and the inlet end of the expansion coil, and means whereby the gas is led from the reliever into the discharge pipe.

4. In a refrigerating apparatus, a refrig' erant liquid supply pipe, an expansion coil, a refrigerant gas discharge pipe, a refrigerant liquid and gas separator connected to the discharge pipe, means for returning the separated liquid from the separator to the expansion coil, a gas reliever intermediate the said means and the inlet end of the expansion coil, and a liquid seal included in said means.

5. In a refrigerating apparatus, a refrigerant liquid supply pipe, an expansion coil, a refrigerant gas discharge pipe, a refrigerant liquid and gas separator connected to thedischarge pipe, means for returning the separated liquid from the separator to the expansion coil, and a gas reliever intermediate the said means and the expansion coil, said returning means discharging into said gas reliever.

6. In a refrigerating apparatus, a refrigerant liquid supply pipe, an expansion coil, a refrigerant gas discharge pipe, a refrigerant liquid and gas separator connected to the discharge pipe, means for returning the separated liquid from the separator to the expansion coil, a gas' reliever intermediate said means and the refrigerating coil, said means discharging upwardly into the gas reliever, and a liquid seal located in said means.

7. In a refrigerating apparatus, a refrigerant liquid supply pipe, an expansion coil, a refrigerant gas discharge pipe, a refrigerant liquid and gas separator connected to the discharge pipe, and means including a liquid seal. for returning the separated liquid to the expansion coil.

8. In a refrigerating apparatus, a refrigerant liquid supply pipe, an expansion coil, a refrigerant as discharge pipe, a refri erant liquid an gas separator connecte to the discharge pipe, a feed valve for the inlet end of the expansion coil, and means including a liquid seal for returning the separated liquid to the expansion coil, and a gas reliever connected with the inlet end of the refrigerating coil on the coil side of the feed valve and having discharge connection with the said discharge pipe.

' means for passing gas 9. In a refrigerating apparatus, a conduit for refrigerant liquid, an expansion coil, an intermediate liquid reservoir, a separator for liquid and gas beyond the expansion coil, suction means beyond the separator, means for returning liquid from the separator to the reservoir and a valved equalizing pipe establishing gas communication between the reservoir and the elements beyond the expansion coil.

10. In a refrigerating apparatus, a conduit for refrigerant liquid, an expansion coil, means for supplying liquid refrigerant thereto, means for withdrawing liquid and gaseous refri erant therefrom and returning said liquid to said supplying means, and a valved equalizing conduit establishing gas communication between said supplying and said withdrawing means.

11. In a refrigerating apparatus, a conduit for refrigerant liquid, an expansion coil, means for supplying liquid refrigerant thereto, means for removing liquid and gas therefrom and for returning liquid to the supplying means and valve controlled from said supplying means to said removing means past said coil.

12. In a refrigerating apparatus, a conduit for refrigerant liquid, an expansion coil, means for supplying liquid refrigerant thereto, means for removing liquid and gas therefrom and for returning l quid to the supplying means and an equalizing p1pe for passing gas from said supplylng means to said removing means past said coil.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

WILLIAM SCHLIEMANN.

Witnesses:

CHARLES MEYER, FRANCIS S. MAGUIRE. 

